Financial Market Institution - 17199 Words

19843_05_c05_p141-172.qxd 12/7/05 9:43 AM Page 141 C H APTE R 5 FINANCIAL MARKETS AND INSTITUTIONS A Strong Financial System Is Necessary for a Growing and Prosperous Economy Financial managers and investors don’t operate in a vacuum—they make decisions within a large and complex financial environment. This environment includes financial markets and institutions, tax and regulatory policies, and the state of the economy. The environment both determines the available financial alternatives and affects the outcomes of various decisions. Thus, it is crucial that investors and financial managers have a good understanding of the environment in which they operate. History shows that a strong financial system is a necessary†¦show more content†¦To make good decisions, financial managers must understand the environment and markets within which businesses operate. Therefore, in this chapter we describe the markets where capital is raised, securities are traded, and stock prices are established, as well as the institutions that operate in these markets. Because the overall objective of financial managers is to maximize shareholder value, we a lso take a closer look at how the stock market operates, and we discuss the concept of market efficiency. 1 For example, some insurance companies allowed brokers to keep premiums for as much as a year before remitting them to the insurance companies. The brokers invested these premiums and earned interest on them, and this gave them an incentive to steer business to these companies rather than to insurance companies whose policies might be better for the brokers’ clients. 19843_05_c05_p141-172.qxd 12/7/05 9:43 AM Page 143 Chapter 5 Financial Markets and Institutions 143 5.1 AN OVERVIEW OF THE CAPITAL ALLOCATION PROCESS Businesses, individuals, and governments often need to raise capital. For example, suppose Carolina Power Light (CPL) forecasts an increase in the demand for electricity in North Carolina, and the company decides to build a new power plant. Because CPL almost certainlyShow MoreRelatedFinancial Markets and Institutions3558 Words   |  15 PagesFinancial Markets and Institutions Mid-Semester Exam Revision The Flow of Fund- the financial system allows the flow of funds from surplus spending units (SSU’s) to deficit spending units (DSU’s). Providers of funds (SSU) receive a financial instrument (which stipulates the terms of the deal – i.e. amount lent, stream of future income, maturity date, etc.) issued either by the receiver of the funds (DSU) or by a financial intermediary. Direct Finance- SSU’s lend money to DSU’s and SSU’s hold aRead MoreFinancial Market And Financial Institutions1801 Words   |  8 Pagesthat change in financial market and financial institution will mark the discipline of finance over the foreseeable future and will produce new kind of institutions, markets and securities. (Fabozzi, 2002) Financial market and financial institution are playing more and more important roles in modern financial system. In general, a financial market is a mechanism for trading financial assets and securities in financial system. Financial assets are exchanged in financial markets. 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Financial markets help to efficiently direct the flow of savings and investment in the economy in ways that facilitate the accumulation of capital and the production of goods and services (Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, January 2005). Borrowers and